Tuesday, June 9, 2026

Constraints

Michele Desubleo (Michele Fiammingo)
Allegory of Sacred and Profane Love
ca. 1665-75
oil on canvas
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

The small, shadowed, blindfolded Cupid at left represents Profane Love, sidelined by the nude youth (or sometimes a maiden) who traditionally stands in for Sacred Love which triumphs not only over physical sensuality but also over the sensuality of the Arts.  This triumph could, as here, be read half-ironically.  

Thomas Francis Dicksee
Hermione
1874
oil on canvas
Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney

Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich
Flight into Egypt
1734
etching
Graphische Sammlung, ETH Zürich

Wilhelm Dodel
Young Woman in a Red Dress
(Margaret Leiteritz)

ca. 1936
oil on canvas
Galerie Neue Meister, Dresden

Burhan Dogançay
Diner's Window
1966
collage and acrylic with sand on plexiglas
Dallas Museum of Art

Kees van Dongen
Cafe de Nichtlamp, Rotterdam
1895
drawing
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam

John William Draper
Proboscis of Fly
ca. 1855-60
daguerreotype taken through microscope
National Museum of American History, Washington DC

Wallace Earl Dreyer
Texas
1979
gelatin silver print
Chrysler Museum of Art, Norfolk, Virginia

Claude-Marie Dubufe
Portrait of a Young Woman
ca. 1843
oil on canvas
Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, California

Jacob Duck
Soldiers in Guardroom with Loot and Supplicating Woman
ca. 1635-40
oil on panel
North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh

Gaspard Dughet
Arcadian Landscape
ca. 1670
oil on canvas
Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen

Roy DeCarava
Billie at Braddock's, New York
1952
photogravure
Chrysler Museum of Art, Norfolk, Virginia

Léonard Defrance
Interior of a Foundry
1789
oil on panel
Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool

Eugène Delacroix
Flowers
ca. 1834
oil on canvas
Belvedere Museum, Vienna

Thomas Demand
Archive
1995
C-print
Guggenheim Museum, New York

Maurice Denis
The Entombment
1893
tempera on paper, mounted on canvas
Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, California

Donald Deskey
House of Worth
ca. 1929
graphite and gouache on paper
(sketch for printed advertisement)
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum

from Minturno, or, On Beauty

(Modeled on Plato's Hippias Major, Minturno is a conversation between the philosopher Antonio Minturno and Geronimo Ruscelli, a colorful courtier and dilettante.)

Geronimo Ruscelli:  And this is why, when someone is planning to raise an army or a fleet to sea, I usually think not only of the number and quality of the soldiers, horses, ships, and the arms and instruments that are necessary for war on sea and land, but also of uniforms, standards, the emblems of princes and lords, and above all of making a good appearance and a beautiful display.  I consider it a great part of the victory when a man displays himself so as to appear worthy of the exercise of arms.

Antonio Minturno:  You would prefer to conquer, then, by the beauty rather than by the virtue of your soldiers.  But perhaps this is impossible.  Rich coats, plumes, pavilions, and the other baggage of an army are more often the spoils of the enemy than a terror to him. 

G.R.:  That is not always true; there are many times when the beauty of the arms and emblems causes fear.  I would like to see our armies resemble those of the Cimbrians, who – as one may read in Plutarch – used to carry shields decorated with bears, wolves, lions, boars, and other wild animals, which made them look like an army of beasts equipped by nature itself to be a terror to the enemy.  So great is the importance, in my judgment, of the fear caused by arms together with beauty.

A.M.:  I imagined you would have sought that beauty of which you are so fond, not among armies and in the glitter of steel and in the smoke and crash of artillery, but in gardens and in villas adorned with marble and paintings, of the sort one sees along the fertile shore and in these delightful hills, where there are perhaps no images so well sculpted or painted as those which nature itself has formed.

– Torquato Tasso (ca. 1593-94), translated by Dain A. Trafton and Carnes Lord (1982)