Showing posts with label fans. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fans. Show all posts

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Giuditta Pasta (1797-1865) - Romantic Icon

Joseph Cornell
Planet Set - Tête Etoilée - Giuditta Pasta (dédicace)
1950
glass, crystal, wood, paper
Tate Gallery

Maxim Gauci
Miniature Portrait of Giuditta Pasta
ca. 1831
watercolor on ivory
Victoria & Albert Museum

Anonymous Italian Fan-Maker
Giuditta Pasta in Gioachino Rossini's Tancredi
ca. 1830
pigment on vellum with mother-of-pearl sticks
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Alfred Edward Chalon
Madame Pasta as Medea
1826
drawing, with watercolor
Victoria & Albert Museum

"The Italian soprano Giuditta Pasta was born in Saronno in 1797 and studied with Giuseppe Scappa in Milan, where she made her debut in his opera Le Tre Eleonore in 1815.  In Paris the following year she appeared as Clorina in Paer's Il Principe di Taranto, and in London in 1817 at the King's Theatre in the title role of Cimarosa's Penelope.  After another year's study with Scappa she was more successful in Venice in 1819 as Adelaide in Pacini's Comingo, but her first triumph was in Paris in 1821 as Desdemona in Rossini's Otello, a role she repeated in London in 1824, and followed with Semiramis in his Semiramide, with the composer conducting both works.  Performing regularly in London, Paris, Milan and Saint Petersburg, she became particularly associated with the roles of Amina in Bellini's Sonnambula and the title roles in Donizetti's Anna Bolena and Norma, all three of which were written for her.  She is said to have introduced dramatic realism to the opera stage, and her fame was as much a result of the intensity of her acting as of the brilliance of her voice, which became increasingly uneven towards the end of her career.  Retiring from the stage in 1835, she died at Blevio, Lake Como, in 1865."

Louis Dupré
Giuditta Pasta
1831
lithograph
British Museum

J.L. Marks (publisher)
Giuditta Pasta as Norma (upper left)
from Marks's Miniature Portraits series
1839
hand-colored engraving
Victoria & Albert Museum

"The role of the scorned Druid priestess Norma is notoriously difficult to sing, and demands intensely dramatic acting.  Bellini and his librettist Felice Romani based their opera on the play Norma, or, The Infanticide by Alexandre Soumet, conceiving the role for Pasta.  Bellini wrote to the singer on 1 September 1831: I hope that you will find this subject to your liking. Romani believes it to be very effective, and precisely because of the all-inclusive character for you, which is that of Norma. He will manipulate the situations so that they will not resemble other subjects at all, and he will retouch, even change, the characters to produce more effect, if need be. Writing of her, Paul Scudo said: Beautiful, intelligent, and passionate, Pasta made up for the imperfections of her vocal organ by means of incessant work, and a noble, tender, knowing style. An actress of the first rank, she submitted each breath to the control of an impeccable taste, and never left a single note to chance.  Stendhal, a passionate admirer and friend of Pasta, admitted that she had a voice made up of three distinct ranges: not all moulded from the same metal, as they say in Italy; but the fundamental variety of tone produced by a single voice affords one of the richest veins of musical expression which the artistry of a great soprano is able to exploit.  Sergio Segalini concludes his analysis of Pasta as a singer: her limitations were obvious, but by dint of sheer effort, Giuditta Pasta forged an extremely accomplished technique that allowed her to become the ideal interpreter of Bellini and Donizetti. She was never able to erase her vocal asperities, nor give to her voice the exquisite beauty of a Maria Malibran.  Bu thanks to those very asperities, she learned how to bring an infinite variety of vocal colours to her interpretations."

– from curator's notes at the Victoria & Albert Museum

Joseph Mallett (printer)
Playbill for a Morning Concert at the New Argyll Rooms
held by Mr Bellon, with Madame Pasta and others

1826
letterpress
Victoria & Albert Museum

Charles Joseph Hullmandel (printer)
Madame Pasta as Semiramis
ca. 1824-26
hand-colored lithograph
British Museum

Lane-Richard-James-(printer)-
Giuditta Pasta as Semiramis
1837
hand-colored lithograph
British Museum

John Hayter
Madame Pasta in Medea
ca. 1827
lithograph
Victoria & Albert Museum

John Hayter
Madame Pasta in Medea
ca. 1827
lithograph
Victoria & Albert Museum

Anonymous British Printmaker
Madame Pasta as Desdemona
1828
engraving
Victoria & Albert Museum

Anonymous British Printmaker
Madame Pasta as Romeo
ca. 1830
hand-colored engraving
Victoria & Albert Museum

John Carr Armytage after John Hayter
Madame Pasta as Medea
1863
etching and engraving
British Museum

Thursday, August 1, 2019

Theseus - Rococo and Romantic

Anonymous Venetian Fan-Makers
Theseus at the Court of Aegeus
ca. 1700-1725
gouache on paper with ivory sticks
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

from The Metamorphoses

Now Theseus, whose father Aegeus had never known him, arrived;
his heroic deeds had established peace on the Isthmus of Corinth.
Bent on his murder, Medea prepared him a potion of aconite,
brought by her earlier over the sea from the Scythian shores.

                                         *                      *                   *

Such was the potion Medea had craftily given to Aegeus,
Theseus' father, to offer the son whom he thought was an enemy.
Theseus, suspecting nothing, had taken the cup in his hand,
when the old king spotted the family emblem engraved on the ivory
hilt of the young man's sword and dashed the brew from his lips.
Though Theseus' father was filled with joy that his son was safe,
he was also filled with horror that such a terrible crime
had been so closely prevented.

– Ovid (8 AD), translated by David Raeburn (2004)

Benedetto Gennari
Theseus with the Daughters of King Minos
1702
oil on canvas
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Francesco de Mura
Legend of Theseus
1741-43
fresco
Palazzo Reale, Turin

Jan Wandelaar
Theseus and Ariadne
1749
etching
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Simon Fokke
Theseus at the entrance to the Labyrinth
1759
etching
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Nicolas-Guy Brenet
Aethra showing her son Theseus the place where his Father hid Arms
1768
oil on canvas
Los Angeles County Museum of Art

Jean-François-Pierre Peyron
Theseus watching as Athenian Girls draw Lots
to determine which among them shall be sent to Crete for sacrifice to the Minotaur

1778
oil on paper, mounted on canvas
Wellington Collection, Apsley House, London

from The Metamorphoses

Here Minos confined his monster son, half man, half bull,
and fed him twice on the blood of Athenian youths and maidens,
chosen by lot as tribute exacted at nine-year intervals.
But the third repast destroyed the Minotaur. One of the youths,
Prince Theseus, was aided by fair Ariadne, the daughter of Minos.
Rewinding the thread she gave him, he found the elusive entrance
which none had regained before him.

– Ovid (8 AD), translated by David Raeburn (2004)

François Valentin after Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione
Theseus recovering the Armor of Aegeus
ca. 1780
drawing
Minneapolis Institute of Art

Marie-Joséphine-Angélique Mongez
Theseus and Pirithoüs, clearing the earth of Brigands, deliver two Women from the hands of their Abductors
1806
drawing
Minneapolis Institute of Art

François-Joseph Heim
Theseus, Vanquisher of the Minotaur
1807
oil on canvas
École des Beaux-Arts, Paris

Richard Westall
Theseus and Ariadne at the entrance to the Labyrinth
ca. 1810
oil on canvas
North Lincolnshire Museum

Henry Fuseli
Ariadne watching the struggle of Theseus with the Minotaur
ca. 1815-20
oil and gouache on paper
Yale Center for British Art

Philippus Velijn after Anne-Louis Girodet
Theseus rejecting Hippolytus 
(illustration for Racine's Phèdre)
ca. 1816
etching
(working proof with white highlights)
British Museum

HIPPOLYTUS:
My father, may I ask what fatal cloud
Has troubled your majestic countenance?
Dare  you not trust this secret to your son?

THESEUS:
Traitor, how dare you show yourself before me?
Monster, whom Heaven's bolts have spared too long!
Survivor of that robber crew whereof
I cleansed the earth. After your brutal lust
Scorn'd even to respect my marriage bed,
You venture – you, my hated foe – to come
Into my presence, here, where all is full
Of your foul infamy, instead of seeking
Some unknown land that never heard my name.
Fly, traitor, fly! Stay not to tempt the wrath
That I can scarce restrain, nor brave my hatred.
Disgrace enough have I incurr'd for ever
In being father of so vile a son,
Without your death staining indelibly
The glorious record of my noble deeds.

– from Phèdre (1677) by Jean Racine, translated by R. Bruce Boswell (1889)

Philippus Velijn after Mattheus Ignatius van Bree
Theseus and Ariadne with the conquered Minotaur
before 1836
etching
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Antoni Zürcher
Theseus victorious over the Minotaur
(after antique sculpture)
before 1837
etching
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Andromache - II

Anonymous British Maker
Fan - Hector's Farewell to Andromache
ca. 1730-50
gouache on paper, mother-of-pearl sticks
Victoria & Albert Museum

Benjamin West
Hector bidding Farewell to Andromache
1797
drawing
Getty Museum, Los Angeles

Jean-Antoine Julien
Parting of Hector and Andromache
before 1799
oil on canvas
Museo del Prado, Madrid

Adriaen van de Venne
Andromache's Farewell to Hector
ca. 1629-34
drawing
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Angelica Kauffmann
Hector taking leave of Andromache
1768
oil on canvas
National Trust, Saltram House, Plymouth

from The Iliad

Yet come it will, the day decreed by fates;
(How my heart trembles while my tongue relates!)
The day when thou, imperial Troy! must bend,
And see thy warriors fall, thy glories end.
And yet no dire presage so wounds my mind,
My mother's death, the ruin of my kind,
Not Priam's hoary hairs defil'd with gore,
Not all my brothers gasping on the shore;
As thine, Andromache! thy griefs I dread;
I see thee trembling, weeping, captive led!
In Argive looms our battles to design,
And woes, of which so large a part was thine!
To bear the victor's hard commands, or bring
The weight of waters from Hyperia's spring.
There, while you groan beneath the load of life,
They cry, Behold the mighty Hector's wife!
Some haughty Greek who lives thy tears to see,
Embitters all thy woes, by naming me.
The thoughts of glory past, and present shame,
A thousand griefs shall waken at the name!
May I lie cold before that dreadful day,
Press'd with a load of monumental clay!
Thy Hector, wrapp'd in everlasting sleep,
Shall neither hear thee sigh, nor see thee weep.

– Homer (ca. 8th century BC), translated by Alexander Pope (1716)

circle of John Smibert
Hector and Andromache
ca. 1750
oil on canvas
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

workshop of Bernard Picart
Hector's Farewell to Andromache
1710
etching
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Max Slevogt
Hector leaving Andromache
1921
lithograph (book illustration)
Harvard Art Museums

Attic Greece
Kylix - Hector and Andromache
ca. 500-470 BC
painted terracotta
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Giorgio de Chirico
Hector and Andromache
1917
oil on canvas
private collection

Lodovico Prosseda after Tommaso Minardi
Andromache weeping over the corpse of Hector
(shallow relief)
1823
etching and aquatint
British Museum

Gavin Hamilton
Andromache mourning the death of Hector
(study for painting)
ca. 1760-63
drawing
Yale Center for British Art

Anonymous French Maker
Andromache mourning Hector
18th century
wax relief
Hermitage, Saint Petersburg

Jacques-Louis David
Andromache mourning over the body of Hector
(study for painting)
1782
drawing
Petit Palais, Paris

Jacques-Louis David
Andromache mourning over the body of Hector
1783
oil on canvas
Musée du Louvre

Saturday, November 4, 2017

European Watercolors - 18th century

Pietro de' Pietri
St Clement giving the veil to St Flavia Domitilla
ca. 1710-16
watercolor
Royal Collection, Windsor

attributed to Gabriel de Saint-Aubin
Theatrical Divertissement
before 1780
watercolor
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier
Chariot of Apollo 
(ceiling design for Count Bielinski's cabinet, Warsaw)
1734
watercolor, gouache
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum

"In writing, as in life, faults are endured without disgust when they are associated with transcendent merit, and may be sometimes recommended to weak judgments by the luster which they obtain from their union with excellence; but it is the business of those who presume to superintend the taste and morals of mankind to separate delusive combinations, and distinguish that which may be praised from that which can only be excused.  As vices never promote happiness, though when overpowered by more active and numerous virtues they cannot totally destroy it; so confusion and irregularity produce no beauty, though they cannot always obstruct the brightness of genius and learning.  To proceed from one truth to another, and connect distant propositions by regular consequences, is the great prerogative of man.  Independent and unconnected sentiments flashing upon the mind in quick succession may for a time delight by their novelty, but they differ from systematical reasoning as single notes from harmony, as glances of lightning from the radiance of the sun."

 Samuel Johnson, from The Rambler, Saturday, 21 September 1751

Anonymous Spanish artist
Fan with Theatrical Mask and Theatrical Scenes
1740s
watercolor on paper, with ivory sticks
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

Charles-Louis Clérisseau
Colosseum, Rome
ca. 1750-55
watercolor
Hermitage, Saint Petersburg

Hubert Robert
Architectural Fantasy
1760
watercolor
Albertina, Vienna

Francesco Navone
Stage-design with Palatial Hall
ca. 1760-90
watercolor
Morgan Library, New York

François Cuvilliés the Younger
Scroll Ornament
1768
watercolor
Museum Kunstpalast, Düsseldorf

Jean-Charles Delafosse
A Masquerade
1770-80
watercolor
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum

Nicola Fiore
Chinoiserie wall-decoration for drawing room in the Palace of Caserta
1775
watercolor, gouache
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum

Jean Grandjean
Arcadian Landscape
1777
watercolor
British Museum

"The range of pastoral is indeed narrow, for though nature itself, philosophically considered, be inexhaustible, yet its general effects on the eye and on the ear are uniform, and incapable of much variety of description.  Poetry cannot dwell upon the minuter distinctions by which one species differs from another, without departing from that simplicity of grandeur which fills the imagination; nor dissect the latent qualities of things, without losing its general power of gratifying every mind by recalling its conceptions.  . . .  But pastoral subjects have been often, like others, taken into the hands of those that were not qualified to adorn them, men to whom the face of nature was so little known, that they have drawn it only after their own imagination, and changed or distorted her features, that their portraits might appear something more than servile copies from their predecessors.  Not only the images of rural life, but the occasions on which they can be properly produced, are few and general. The state of a man confined to the employments and pleasures of the country, is so little diversified, and exposed to so few of those accidents which produce perplexities, terrors and surprises, in more complicated transactions, that he can be shown but seldom in such circumstances as attract curiosity.  His ambition is without policy, and his love without intrigue."  

 Samuel Johnson, from The Rambler, Saturday, 21 July 1750

Paul Sandby
Meteor of 1783, Windsor
watercolor
1783
Royal Collection, Windsor

Louis-Jean Desprez
Scenery for the opera Frigga
1787
watercolor
Hermitage, Saint Petersburg

 Asmus Jakob Carstens
Philoctetes aiming the bow of Hercules at Odysseus
1790
watercolor
Kupferstichkabinett, Berlin