Showing posts with label singers. Show all posts
Showing posts with label singers. Show all posts

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Giuditta Pasta (1797-1865) - Romantic Icon

Joseph Cornell
Planet Set - Tête Etoilée - Giuditta Pasta (dédicace)
1950
glass, crystal, wood, paper
Tate Gallery

Maxim Gauci
Miniature Portrait of Giuditta Pasta
ca. 1831
watercolor on ivory
Victoria & Albert Museum

Anonymous Italian Fan-Maker
Giuditta Pasta in Gioachino Rossini's Tancredi
ca. 1830
pigment on vellum with mother-of-pearl sticks
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Alfred Edward Chalon
Madame Pasta as Medea
1826
drawing, with watercolor
Victoria & Albert Museum

"The Italian soprano Giuditta Pasta was born in Saronno in 1797 and studied with Giuseppe Scappa in Milan, where she made her debut in his opera Le Tre Eleonore in 1815.  In Paris the following year she appeared as Clorina in Paer's Il Principe di Taranto, and in London in 1817 at the King's Theatre in the title role of Cimarosa's Penelope.  After another year's study with Scappa she was more successful in Venice in 1819 as Adelaide in Pacini's Comingo, but her first triumph was in Paris in 1821 as Desdemona in Rossini's Otello, a role she repeated in London in 1824, and followed with Semiramis in his Semiramide, with the composer conducting both works.  Performing regularly in London, Paris, Milan and Saint Petersburg, she became particularly associated with the roles of Amina in Bellini's Sonnambula and the title roles in Donizetti's Anna Bolena and Norma, all three of which were written for her.  She is said to have introduced dramatic realism to the opera stage, and her fame was as much a result of the intensity of her acting as of the brilliance of her voice, which became increasingly uneven towards the end of her career.  Retiring from the stage in 1835, she died at Blevio, Lake Como, in 1865."

Louis Dupré
Giuditta Pasta
1831
lithograph
British Museum

J.L. Marks (publisher)
Giuditta Pasta as Norma (upper left)
from Marks's Miniature Portraits series
1839
hand-colored engraving
Victoria & Albert Museum

"The role of the scorned Druid priestess Norma is notoriously difficult to sing, and demands intensely dramatic acting.  Bellini and his librettist Felice Romani based their opera on the play Norma, or, The Infanticide by Alexandre Soumet, conceiving the role for Pasta.  Bellini wrote to the singer on 1 September 1831: I hope that you will find this subject to your liking. Romani believes it to be very effective, and precisely because of the all-inclusive character for you, which is that of Norma. He will manipulate the situations so that they will not resemble other subjects at all, and he will retouch, even change, the characters to produce more effect, if need be. Writing of her, Paul Scudo said: Beautiful, intelligent, and passionate, Pasta made up for the imperfections of her vocal organ by means of incessant work, and a noble, tender, knowing style. An actress of the first rank, she submitted each breath to the control of an impeccable taste, and never left a single note to chance.  Stendhal, a passionate admirer and friend of Pasta, admitted that she had a voice made up of three distinct ranges: not all moulded from the same metal, as they say in Italy; but the fundamental variety of tone produced by a single voice affords one of the richest veins of musical expression which the artistry of a great soprano is able to exploit.  Sergio Segalini concludes his analysis of Pasta as a singer: her limitations were obvious, but by dint of sheer effort, Giuditta Pasta forged an extremely accomplished technique that allowed her to become the ideal interpreter of Bellini and Donizetti. She was never able to erase her vocal asperities, nor give to her voice the exquisite beauty of a Maria Malibran.  Bu thanks to those very asperities, she learned how to bring an infinite variety of vocal colours to her interpretations."

– from curator's notes at the Victoria & Albert Museum

Joseph Mallett (printer)
Playbill for a Morning Concert at the New Argyll Rooms
held by Mr Bellon, with Madame Pasta and others

1826
letterpress
Victoria & Albert Museum

Charles Joseph Hullmandel (printer)
Madame Pasta as Semiramis
ca. 1824-26
hand-colored lithograph
British Museum

Lane-Richard-James-(printer)-
Giuditta Pasta as Semiramis
1837
hand-colored lithograph
British Museum

John Hayter
Madame Pasta in Medea
ca. 1827
lithograph
Victoria & Albert Museum

John Hayter
Madame Pasta in Medea
ca. 1827
lithograph
Victoria & Albert Museum

Anonymous British Printmaker
Madame Pasta as Desdemona
1828
engraving
Victoria & Albert Museum

Anonymous British Printmaker
Madame Pasta as Romeo
ca. 1830
hand-colored engraving
Victoria & Albert Museum

John Carr Armytage after John Hayter
Madame Pasta as Medea
1863
etching and engraving
British Museum

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Twentieth-Century Faces by Celebrated Photographers

George Platt Lynes
Gian Carlo Menotti
1938
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Yousuf Karsh
Audrey Hepburn
1956
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

George Platt Lynes
Kay Boyle
ca. 1935
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Paul Strand
Young Boy, Gondeville, Charente, France
1951
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Robert Frank
Chattanooga, Tennessee
1955-56
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

The Children of Stare

Winter is fallen early
On the house of Stare;
Birds in reverberating flocks
Haunt its ancestral box;
Bright are the plenteous berries
In clusters in the air.

Still is the fountain's music,
The dark pool icy still,
Whereupon a small and sanguine sun
Floats in a mirror on,
Into a West of crimson,
From a South of daffodil.

'Tis strange to see young children
In such a wintry house;
Like rabbits' on the frozen snow
Their tell-tale footprints go;
Their laughter rings like timbrels
'Neath evening ominous:

Their small and heightened faces
Like wine-red winter buds;
Their frolic bodies gentle as
Flakes in the air that pass,
Frail as the twirling petal
From the briar of the woods.

Above them silence lours,
Still as an arctic sea;
Light fails; night falls; the wintry moon
Glitters; the crocus soon
Will open grey and distracted
On earth's austerity:

Thick mystery, wild peril,
Law like an iron rod: –
Yet sport they on in Spring's attire,
Each with his tiny fire
Blown to a core of ardour
By the awful breath of God.

– Walter de la Mare (1906)

George Platt Lynes
George Tooker
1945
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Robert Frank
Movie Premiere, Hollywood
1955-56
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

George Platt Lynes
Burt Lancaster
1947
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Elliott Erwitt
Batsk, Siberia
1967
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

George Platt Lynes
Farley Granger
1947
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Blythe Bohnen
Self Portrait, Pivotal Motion from Chin, Medium
1974
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Blythe Bohnen
Self Portrait, Pivotal Motion from Chin, Large
1974
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Blythe Bohnen
Self Portrait, Horizontal Elliptical Motion, Small
1983
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Blythe Bohnen
Self Portrait, Vertical Motion Up, Medium
1983
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Yousuf Karsh
Jessye Norman
1990
gelatin silver print
Art Institute of Chicago

Sunday, October 27, 2019

The First Monotype (1642) and Later Ones

Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione
Creation of Adam
ca. 1642
monotype
Art Institute of Chicago

"Considered one of the most original and innovative Italian artists of the Baroque period, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione literally separated light from darkness, creating form out of chaos in this work, his earliest known monotype.  In a perfect match of medium and message, Castiglione, the Genoese artist credited with inventing the technique, used this new method to portray the central act of Genesis: the creation of man.  He produced this electrifying image by subtracting the design from the inked surface of a copperplate with a blunt instrument, such as a stick or paintbrush handle, and then printing directly on a sheet of paper.  Broad, angular strokes of white depict God emerging from a cloud, while thin, fluid lines extract the languid body of Adam from velvety blackness.  Castiglione's monotypes employ both this dark-ground technique, which naturally lends itself to dramatic and mysterious imagery, and the light-ground manner, in which the design is drawn in ink directly on a clean plate.  Both processes yield only one fine impression.  It was not until the nineteenth century that such versatile artists as Edgar Degas explored the monotype's full potential." 

– curator's notes from the Art Institute of Chicago

Edgar Degas
Girl putting on Stockings
ca. 1876-77
monotype
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Edgar Degas
Ballet at the Paris Opéra
1877
pastel over monotype
Art Institute of Chicago

Edgar Degas
Café Concert at Les Ambassadeurs
1876
pastel over monotype
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon

Edgar Degas
Music Hall Singer
1875-77
pastel and gouache over monotype
private collection

"Equally inventive was Degas's attitude to printmaking in the mid-1870s when he began to put particular emphasis on monotypes.  The monotype, which is created in two ways, was for him a form of drawing.  The 'light-field' manner was produced by making a free-hand design in printer's ink directly onto a blank plate.  The 'dark-field' type was produced by inking the whole plate first and then wiping parts of it clean or partially clean in accordance with the selected design.  The point about monotypes, however, is that the number of impressions was severely limited and in most cases to a single impression, but occasionally two, with the second impression being much fainter.  Degas decided to heighten the impressions with pastel or gouache after he pulled them so that the monotype itself served as a dark background or priming for the final image."

– Christopher Lloyd, Edgar Degas: Drawings and Pastels (Getty Museum, 2014)

Edgar Degas
L'étoile
ca. 1876-78
pastel over monotype
Philadelphia Museum of Art

Edgar Degas
Singers on the Stage
ca. 1877-79
pastel over monotype
Art Institute of Chicago

Edgar Degas
Heads of a Woman and a Man
ca. 1877-80
monotype
British Museum

Edgar Degas
Le Sommeil
ca. 1883-85
monotype
British Museum

Edgar Degas
Landscape with House, Figures and Fountain
ca. 1878
monotype
British Museum

Edgar Degas
Landscape with Smokestacks
ca. 1890
pastel over monotype
Art Institute of Chicago

Edgar Degas
Landscape with Path
ca. 1890
pastel over monotype
Morgan Library, New York

"Degas was in higher spirits when he travelled with the sculptor Paul-Albert Bartholomé in 1890 to visit their friend the artist Georges Jeanniot in Burgundy.  The journey was undertaken in a tilbury (a two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage) and involved journeying south-eastwards from Paris following the river Seine to the village of Diénay, twenty miles north of Dijon.  Letters written by Degas to friends show that he treated the trip as a 'progress' through the French countryside with the gastronomic delights at first perhaps of a greater significance than the visual experiences.  The result was not only an unexpected breakthrough in Degas's printmaking techniques but also a whole new development in his art.  Over thirty colour monotypes, some heightened with pastel, record the artist's impressions of this journey into the hinterland of France."

– Christopher Lloyd, Edgar Degas: Drawings and Pastels (Getty Museum, 2014)

Edgar Degas
Le Cap Hornu près Saint Valéry-sur-Somme
ca. 1890-93
color monotype
British Museum

Edgar Degas
Lake in the Pyrenees
ca. 1890-93
color monotype
British Museum

Thursday, August 22, 2019

French Pictures (19th-century) from the Art Institute

Edgar Degas
Henri Degas and his Niece, Lucie Degas
ca. 1875-76
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Portrait of Jeanne Wenz
1886
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Edgar Degas
Singers on the Stage
ca. 1877-79
pastel over monotype
Art Institute of Chicago

The Singer

Nay! sing no more thy wild delusive strain
(I heard them say, while I my song pursued),
'Tis but the rage of thy delirious brain
(I heard them say, yet still my song renewed);
Nay! sing no more with reckless, idle breath
Of man immortal and of life to come,
For one brief moment scan the face of death,
Then be thy foolish song for ever dumb;
Behold the dusty ash that once was fire,
And mark the summer leaf in autumn fall,
Watch thou the wavering breath of man expire,
And know that Death hath lordship over all
(I heard them say with many a scornful word,
Yet still sang on as one who nothing heard.)

– William Gay (ca. 1890)

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Ballet Dancers
1885
oil on plaster, transferred to canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Edgar Degas
The Ballet Master
ca. 1872
watercolor
Art Institute of Chicago

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
May Milton
1895
oil and pastel on cardboard
Art Institute of Chicago

Édouard Manet
Sea View, Calm Weather
1864
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Édouard Manet
Beggar with a Duffle Coat (Philosopher)
ca. 1865-67
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Édouard Manet
Fish (Still Life)
1864
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Édouard Manet
The Man with the Dog
ca. 1882
pastel on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Édouard Manet
The Absinthe Drinker
1862
etching
Art Institute of Chicago

Édouard Manet
Dead Christ with Angels
ca. 1866-67
etching and aquatint
Art Institute of Chicago

Édouard Manet
Dead Christ with Angels
ca. 1866-67
copperplate, etched and aquatinted
Art Institute of Chicago

Henri Fantin-Latour
Édouard Manet
1867
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago