Monday, April 20, 2026

After Raphael

Pietro Peiroleri after Raphael
Portrait of a Woman
ca. 1760-70
etching and engraving
Graphische Sammlung, ETH Zürich

Sassoferrato after Raphael
Virgin and Child
ca. 1650
oil on canvas
Galleria Borghese, Rome

Nicolas Beatrizet after Raphael
Cain slaying Abel
ca. 1550-60
engraving
Graphische Sammlung, ETH Zürich

Jakob von Sandrart after Raphael
Fire in the Borgo
1682
etching
Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum, Braunschweig

Agostino Musi after Raphael
Warrior with Shield
ca. 1515-30
engraving
Hamburger Kunsthalle

Agostino Musi after Raphael
Woman with Vase
ca. 1515-30
engraving
Hamburger Kunsthalle

Joseph Heintz the Elder after Raphael
Putti with Vases and Bowls
ca. 1580-90
drawing
Graphische Sammlung Albertina, Vienna

Giacomo Francia after Raphael
Cupid and Psyche
ca. 1520-30
engraving
Graphische Sammlung, ETH Zürich

Giovanni Francesco Penni after Raphael
Warrior shielding Head
ca. 1511-12
drawing
Städel Museum, Frankfurt

David and Sophie Sibire after Raphael
Eve giving Apple to Adam
ca. 1740
etching (printed in sepia)
Herzog August Bibliothek, Wulfenbüttel

Marcantonio Raimondi after Raphael
Adam and Eve
ca. 1509
engraving
Graphische Sammlung Albertina, Vienna

Marcantonio Raimondi after Raphael
Apollo
ca. 1510-20
engraving
(after antique sarcophagus relief)
Graphische Sammlung, ETH Zürich

Marcantonio Raimondi after Raphael
Dido
ca. 1510
engraving
Hamburger Kunsthalle

Marco Dente after Raphael
St Bartholomew
ca. 1516
engraving
Graphische Sammlung, ETH Zürich

Anonymous Italian Artist after Raphael
St John the Baptist in the Wilderness
16th century
chiaroscuro woodcut
Graphische Sammlung Albertina, Vienna

Angelica Kauffmann after Raphael
Portrait of Raphael
(actually Raphael's portrait of banker Bindo Altoviti)
ca. 1761
engraving
Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum, Braunschweig

In perfect good faith Angelica Kauffmann reproduced a Renaissance self-portrait by the artist Raphael, still in her day owned by a private family in Italy.  Fifty years later the painting would be sold at a colossal price to Mad King Ludwig of Bavaria and displayed publicly as the central masterpiece in his new-built Munich art museum.  It required another fifty years before the collective weight of scholarly opinion succeeded in destroying the idea that the sitter could possibly be Raphael, whose well-documented physical appearance was altogether different.  Formerly an object of adoration, the picture became an object of revulsion, a cruel deceiver.  Early in the 20th century it was traded away to British dealers in exchange for a mediocre and misidentified German painting.  The British accepted that the Munich portrait was not of Raphael, but (unlike the Germans) they understood that it was still by Raphael.  Their plunder was quickly resold (for another colossal sum) to an American robber baron, who presented it to the National Gallery in Washington, where it remains. 

This sequence of events was researched and recounted at book length by David Alan Brown and Jane Van Nimmen in Raphael & The Beautiful Banker: the story of the Bindo Altoviti Portrait (Yale University Press, 2005).