Showing posts with label Modernism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Modernism. Show all posts

Friday, August 9, 2019

Giorgio Morandi (1890-1964) - Paintings (1920-1962)

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1920
oil on canvas
Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
ca. 1925
oil on canvas
Hermitage, Saint Petersburg

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1943
oil on canvas
Musei Vaticani, Rome

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1946
oil on canvas
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

"Giorgio Morandi was born on July 20, 1890, in Bologna, Italy, one of the oldest and most prestigious University towns in Europe.  Nearly all his life was spent there working quietly in a modest studio and apartment that he shared with his three sisters.  Except for occasional trips to Venice, Florence, or Rome for exhibitions of his paintings and etchings, or summer excursions to the village of Grizzana in the Apennine hills above his native city, Morandi scarcely ever left Bologna.  He was exceptionally tall, thoughtful, and soft spoken, and notwithstanding his low-key public profile – Morandi agreed to only two published interviews, both toward the end of his life  his paintings came to be known and in demand throughout Europe and North and South America.  He was quickly embraced by the intellectual elite of Italy, being taken up by well-known painters, prominent writers and publishers, and distinguished art historians and professors.  As early as 1934, in a public address by Roberto Longhi, then Professor of Renaissance Art at the University of Bologna and unofficial cultural czar of Italy, Morandi was recognized as perhaps the greatest living painter in his country."

– from exhibition notes (2008) at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1946
oil on canvas
Tate Gallery

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1948-49
oil on canvas
Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1949
oil on canvas
Museum of Modern Art, New York

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1950
oil on canvas
private collection

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1952
oil on canvas
private collection

"A picture is a gadget.  It uses its technical devices to bring off its desired effects.  For example, there's the question of how a picture creates depth and distance.  How does it indicate which of the things it depicts are further away than which?  And by how far?  There are basically five ways.  The first is overlapping.  Things are simply laid behind one another.  The second is scale.  Things become smaller as they retreat.  The third is ground position.  Receding things are placed further upstage on a ground surface.  The fourth is volume.  Things use their dimensions to establish distances amongst themselves.  The fifth is focus.  Remoter things get blurrier.  Each device is a distancer, a depth-maker.  Each can be used independently; often they will be used together.  They can also be used inconsistently.  

The ones to pay attention to here are overlap, ground position and volume.  Giorgio Morandi's still lives are famous for their quiet but tense poetry.  They feature a cast of smallish inanimate objects.  These are bottles, vases, bowls, jugs, cups, tubs, boxes – but no fruit or vegetables.  These objects stand on a blank tabletop, and quite often backed against a wall.  They're typically arranged like a group portrait, with two rows, one in front of another.  They form close and nervous families – huddled, withdrawn.  They appear in numerous variations on this theme.  The poetry arises from a recurring trick involving the way they handle depth and distance." 

– Tom Lubbock, from an exhibition review (2009) published in The Independent (London)

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1955
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1955
oil on canvas
private collection

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1956
oil on canvas
National Gallery of Australia, Canberra

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
ca. 1956
oil on canvas
private collection

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1957
oil on canvas
private collection

Giorgio Morandi
Still Life
1962
oil on canvas
National Galleries of Scotland

Paolo Monti
Studio of Giorgio Morandi, Bologna
1981
photograph
Fondo Paolo Monti, Civico Archivio Fotografico, Milan

Wednesday, August 7, 2019

Keith Vaughan (1912-1977) - Objects and Figures

Keith Vaughan
Figure and Still-life
1948
charcoal and gouache on paper
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Still-life with Sculpture
1950
drawing
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Green Jug
ca. 1950
gouache on paper
Jerwood Collection, London

Keith Vaughan
Finistère
1952
watercolor on paper
Victoria & Albert Museum

Keith Vaughan
Woodmen in a Clearing
1953
oil on canvas
Leicestershire County Council Artworks Collection

Keith Vaughan
Two Standing Figures
1956
oil pastel on paper
Ingram Collection, London

Keith Vaughan
Two Men Kissing
ca. 1958-73
drawing
Tate Gallery

A Coronet to his Mistress, Philosophy

Muses, that sing love's sensual empery,
And lovers kindling your enraged fires
At Cupid's bonfires burning in the eye,
Blown with the empty breath of vain desires;
You that prefer the painted cabinet
Before the wealthy jewels it doth store ye,
That all your joys in dying figures set,
And stain the living substance of your glory;
Abjure these joys, abhor their memory,
And let my love the honour'd subject be
Of love, and honour's complete history.
Your eyes were never yet let in to see
     The majesty and riches of the mind,
     But dwell in darkness; for your god is blind.

– George Chapman (1595)

Keith Vaughan
Achaeans
1960
gouache on panel
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Warrior
1960
drawing
Tate Gallery

Keith Vaughan
Two Figures (Damson)
1964-66
oil on canvas
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Two Figures
1966
oil on canvas
National Museum of Wales, Cardiff

Keith Vaughan
Two Figures
1968
watercolor and gouache on paper
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Untitled (Male Figure)
1970
charcoal and wash on paper
Tate Gallery

Keith Vaughan
Blue Figure-study
ca. 1974-76
ink, gouache and acrylic on paper
Jerwood Collection, London

Keith Vaughan (1912-1977) - Single Figures

Keith Vaughan
Leaping Figure
1951
oil on canvas
Tate Gallery

Keith Vaughan
Study for Nude against Green Background
1953
oil on panel
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Woodman in a Clearing
1955
oil on canvas
Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle-upon-Tyne

Keith Vaughan
Nude against a Rock
1957
oil on panel
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Walking Figure
1958
oil on panel
Jerwood Collection, London

Widow McFarlane

I was the Widow McFarlane,
Weaver of carpets for all the village.
And I pity you still at the loom of life,
You who are singing to the shuttle
And lovingly watching the work of your hands,
If you reach the day of hate, of terrible truth.
For the cloth of life is woven, you know,
To a pattern hidden under the loom –
A pattern you never see!
And you weave high-hearted, singing, singing,
You guard the threads of love and friendship
For noble figures in gold and purple.
And long after other eyes can see
You have woven a moon-white strip of cloth,
You laugh in your strength, for Hope o'erlays it
With shapes of love and beauty.
The loom stops short! The pattern's out!
You're alone in the room! You have woven a shroud!
And hate of it lays you in it!

– Edgar Lee Masters (1915)

Keith Vaughan
Warrior
1959
oil on canvas
Glyn Vivian Art Gallery, Swansea (Wales)

Keith Vaughan
Figure in a Red Room
ca. 1960
oil on panel
Norfolk Museums (England)

Keith Vaughan
Standing Figure
1960
oil on canvas
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge

Keith Vaughan
Bather: August 4th, 1961
1961
oil on canvas
Tate Gallery

Keith Vaughan
Algerian
1962
oil on panel
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Standing Figure - Blue Background
1963
oil on canvas
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Landscape with Seated Figure
1964
oil on panel
National Museum of Wales, Cardiff

Keith Vaughan
Standing Figure
1962
oil on canvas
Towner Art Gallery, Eastbourne (Sussex)

Ida Kar
Keith Vaughan in his studio, Hampstead, London
1960
photograph
National Portrait Gallery, London

Tuesday, August 6, 2019

Keith Vaughan (1912-1977) - Assemblies of Figures

Keith Vaughan
Theseus and the Minotaure
1950
oil on canvas
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Study for Return of Odysseus
1951
oil on panel
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Small Assembly of Figures
1951
oil on canvas
Tate Gallery

Keith Vaughan
Assembly of Figures
1953
oil on panel
Manchester Art Gallery 

Keith Vaughan
Fourth Assembly of Figures
1956
oil on canvas
Nottingham Castle Museum and Art Gallery

from Seated Figure with Red Angle (1988) by Betty Goodwin

If body is always deep but deepest at its surface.

If conditionals are of two kinds factual and contrafactual.

If you're pushing, pushing and then it begins to pull you.

If police in that city burnt off people's hands with a blowtorch.

If quite darkly colored or reddish (bodies) swim there.

If afterwards she would sit the way a very old person sits, with no pants on, confused.

If you reach in, if you burrow, if you risk wiping in.

If a point that has been fed over years becomes a little bit alive.

If the seated figure started out with an idea of interrogation.

If there was a quality of very strong electrical light.

If you had the idea of interrogation.

If interrogation is a desire to get information which is not given or not given freely.

If buried all but traceless in the dark in its energy sitting, drifting within your own is another body.

If at first it sounded like rain.

– Anne Carson (2001)

Keith Vaughan
Harvest Assembly
(study for painting)
1956
drawing
Victoria & Albert Museum

Keith Vaughan
Harvest Assembly
1956
oil on canvas
Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery (West Midlands)

Keith Vaughan
Archers
1959
gouache on paper
Ingram Collection, London

Keith Vaughan
Martyrdom of St Sebastian
ca. 1962
oil on panel
Bradford Museums and Galleries (Yorkshire)

Keith Vaughan
Seventh Assembly of Figures (Nile Group)
1964
oil on canvas
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Assembly of Figures VIII
1964
oil on canvas
National Galleries of Scotland

Keith Vaughan
Group of Figures
1964
oil on canvas
private collection

Keith Vaughan
Group of Figures
1968
oil on canvas
Aberdeen Art Gallery and Museums (Scotland)

Keith Vaughan
Musicians at Marrakesh
1966-70
oil on canvas
Pallant House Gallery, Chichester

Keith Vaughan
Ninth Assembly of Figures (Eldorado Banal)
1976
oil on canvas
Tate Gallery