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| Anton Raphael Mengs Copy of Raphael's School of Athens fresco in the Stanza della Segnatura at the Vatican 1752-55 oil on canvas Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
"After his arrival, therefore, having been received very warmly by Pope Julius, Raffaello began in the Camera della Segnatura a scene of the theologians reconciling Philosophy and Astrology with Theology; wherein are portraits of all the sages in the world, disputing in various ways. Standing apart are some astrologers, who have made various kinds of figures and characters of geomancy and astrology on some little tablets, which they send to the Evangelists by certain very beautiful angels; and these Evangelists are expounding them. Among them is Diogenes with his cup, lying on the steps, and lost in thought, a figure very well conceived, which, for its beauty and the characteristic negligence of its dress, is worthy to be extolled. There, also, are Aristotle and Plato, one with the Timaeus in his hand, the other with the Ethics; and around them, in a circle, is a great school of philosophers. Nor is it possible to express the beauty of those astrologers and geometricians who are drawing a vast number of figures and characters with compasses on tablets; among whom, in the figure of a young man, shapely and handsome, who is throwing out his arms in admiration, and inclining his head, is the portrait of Federigo II, Duke of Mantua, who was then in Rome. There is also a figure that is stooping to the ground, holding in its hand a pair of compasses, with which it is making a circle on a tablet; this is said to be the architect Bramante, and it is no less the man himself than if he were alive, so well is it drawn. . . . And in addition to the details of the conceptions, which are numerous enough, there is the composition of the whole scene, which is truly arranged with so much order and proportion, that he may be said to have given therein such a proof of his powers as made men understand that he was resolved to hold the sovereignty, without question, among all who handled the brush."
– from the Life of Raffaello da Urbino by Giorgio Vasari in Lives of the Painters, Sculptors and Architects (1568) translated by Gaston du C. de Vere (1912)
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| Agostino dei Musi after Raphael Figures from School of Athens fresco before 1540 engraving Victoria & Albert Museum |
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| Henry Fuseli after Raphael Figure from School of Athens fresco 1777 drawing British Museum |
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| Giulio Romano after Raphael Man hurling Rock ca. 1519-20 drawing Royal Collection, Windsor |
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| Carlo Maratti after Raphael Soldiers approaching River God before 1713 drawing Royal Collection, Windsor |
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| Pietro Facchetti after Raphael Saturn - with sign of Sagittarius before 1602 oil on canvas Prado, Madrid |
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| Luca Giordano after Raphael Holy Family ca. 1697 oil on canvas Prado, Madrid |
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| Marcantonio after Raphael Dance of Children and Cupids before 1534 engraving Victoria & Albert Museum |
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| Giovanni Antonio da Brescia after Raphael Presentation of the Virgin ca. 1510-20 engraving British Museum |
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| Arthur Pond after Raphael Woman carrying Jars 1734 etching and chiaroscuro woodcut British Museum |
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| Agostino Veneziano after Raphael Young Roman at an Altar ca. 1515-30 engraving British Museum |
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| Anne-Claude de Caylus after Raphael The Entombment ca. 1710-29 etching Teylers Museum, Haarlem |
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| Peter Paul Rubens after Raphael Figure from Fire in the Borgo fresco at the Vatican before 1640 drawing British Museum |
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| Horace Vernet Opening the Tomb of Raphael in the Pantheon, Rome 1833 lithograph Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |