Monday, December 14, 2020

Ancient Roman Gods and Heroes

Roman Empire
Head of Dionysus
AD 117-138
marble
Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, Leiden

Roman Empire
Head of Meleager
1st century AD
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Venice

Roman Empire
Jupiter

(heavily restored in the 17th century
for Queen Christina of Sweden)
AD 150
marble
Museo del Prado, Madrid

Roman Empire
Athena
(ancient body with modern plaster head cast from another statue)
early 1st century AD
marble
Museo del Prado, Madrid

Roman Empire
Theft of the Palladium Group
(fragment with head of Odysseus)
10 BC - AD 10
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Sperlonga

Roman Empire
Theft of the Palladium Group
(fragment with torso of Odysseus)
10 BC - AD 10
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Sperlonga

Roman Empire
Theft of the Palladium Group
(fragment with hand grasping cult statue of Athena)
10 BC - AD 10
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Sperlonga

"Miraculous guardian statues were common in ancient times, but none was more famous than the Trojan Palladium, a small wooden image of armed Athena.  It fell from the sky, and the safety of Troy depended on its possession.  Odysseus and Diomedes carried it away, thus enabling the sack of Troy [by their fellow Greeks].  But in the canonical Roman tradition, it was Aeneas who rescued the Palladium and brought it to Lavinium, whence it ultimately reached Rome.  Ovid adduces both legends, but others tried to reconcile them: the image robbed by the Greeks was only a copy, or: Diomedes came to Italy and returned the Palladium to Aeneas.  . . .  In Rome it was kept as a pledge of Rome's fate (fatale pignus) in the innermost part of Vesta's temple, where only the chief vestal could enter; when in 241 BC the temple burnt, the pontifex maximus L. Caecilius Metellus saved the Palladium, but (so some authorities) lost his sight.  It was still there in AD 191."

– from an entry by Jerzy Linderski in The Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd edition, 1996) 

Roman Empire
Theft of the Palladium Group
(fragment with head of Diomedes)
10 BC - AD 10
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Sperlonga

Roman Empire
Hercules
2nd century AD
basanite
Galleria Nazionale di Parma

Roman Empire
Hercules
(heavily restored in the 17th century
for Queen Christina of Sweden)
AD 200
marble
Museo del Prado, Madrid

Roman Empire
Marine Venus
1st century AD
marble
Antikensammlung, Berlin

Roman Empire
Aphrodite
1st century AD
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Florence

Roman Empire
Herm of Hermes Propylaios
AD 100-150
marble
Museo d'Arte della Città di Ravenna

Roman Empire
Eros stringing his Bow
1st-2nd century AD
marble
Biblioteca Marciana, Venice

Roman Empire
Eros stringing his Bow
(fragment of torso)
2nd century AD
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Venice