Saturday, April 16, 2022

Jacopo Tintoretto (ca. 1518-1594) - "art is but a jest"

Jacopo Tintoretto
Portrait of Doge Niccolò da Ponte (detail)
ca. 1580
oil on canvas
Palazzo Pretorio, Prato

Jacopo Tintoretto
Portrait of Doge Niccolò da Ponte
ca. 1580
oil on canvas
Palazzo Pretorio, Prato

Jacopo Tintoretto
Portrait of a member of the Foscari Family
1555
oil on canvas
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Montréal

Jacopo Tintoretto
Presentation of the Christ Child in the Temple
ca. 1540
oil on canvas
Fondation Bemberg, Toulouse

Jacopo Tintoretto
Presentation of the Christ Child
in the Temple
(detail)
ca. 1540
oil on canvas
Fondation Bemberg, Toulouse

Jacopo Tintoretto
Presentation of the Christ Child in the Temple
ca. 1550-55
oil on canvas
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice

Jacopo Tintoretto
Virgin and Child with St Augustine,
St Catherine of Alexandria, St Mark and St John the Baptist

ca. 1549-50
oil on canvas
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon

Jacopo Tintoretto and workshop
Dream of St Mark
ca. 1585
oil on canvas
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice

Jacopo Tintoretto
Christ and the Woman taken in Adultery
1550
oil on canvas
Palazzo Barberini, Rome

Jacopo Tintoretto
St Mark's Body brought to Venice
ca. 1562-66
oil on canvas
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice

Jacopo Tintoretto
St Mark's Body brought to Venice (detail)
ca. 1562-66
oil on canvas
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice

Jacopo Tintoretto
Tarquin and Lucretia
ca. 1578-80
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Jacopo Tintoretto
Tarquin and Lucretia (detail)
ca. 1578-80
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Jacopo Tintoretto
Judith and Holofernes
ca. 1577
oil on canvas
Museo del Prado, Madrid

Jacopo Tintoretto
Cain and Abel
ca. 1550-53
oil on canvas
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice

"Born in Venice in 1518 or 1519, Jacopo Robusti took his professional name of Tintoretto, "the little dyer," from his father's occupation (tintore in Italian).  His 17th-century biographers Carlo Ridolfi and Marco Boschini recount that Tintoretto spent a brief period in Titian's workshop, from which he was dismissed because of Titian's jealousy or his own prickly personality.

Throughout his career, Tintoretto was the subject of controversy.  While he was praised for his power and inventiveness, detractors often complained that his paintings looked unfinished.  Typical is the grudging admiration accorded him by Giorgio Vasari, who recognized his extraordinary talent and creative imagination but fundamentally disapproved of his failure to follow the rules, and in particular of his rapid technique: "In the matter of painting, Tintoretto is swift, resolute, fantastic, and extravagant, and the most extraordinary brain that the art of painting has ever produced, as may be seen from all his works and from the fantastic compositions of his scenes, executed by him in a fashion of his own and contrary to the use of other painters.  Indeed he has surpassed even the limits of extravagance with the new and fanciful inventions and the strange vagaries of his intellect, working at haphazard and without design, as if to prove that art is but a jest."

In portraiture, Tintoretto favored an understated model based upon prototypes developed by Titian.  The sitters who most engaged him are men in their maturity and, in particular, in old age, depicted with unsparing but sympathetic candor.  Tintoretto's clientele was extremely varied.  While he executed works for wealthy and powerful patricians, the Venetian state, and the city's richest confraternities – and even a small number for princely patrons outside of Venice – he never abandoned the poorer confraternities and less prominent churches that had been among his earliest patrons.  His aggressive marketing techniques often rubbed his peers the wrong way; intensely ambitious, he regularly agreed to execute works for discounted prices or even at cost."

– from biographical notes at the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC