Thursday, August 14, 2025

Paradigms (Western)

Alexandre Charpentier
Program for Ibsen's Master Builder
at Théâtre de L'Oeuvre, Paris

1898
lithograph and letterpress
National Gallery of Australia, Canberra


Marie Bermond
Portrait of a Woman
ca. 1900
oil on canvas
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Gaillac

Charles-Paul Landon 
Woman with Laurel Wreath
(after the manner of Titian)
ca. 1900
oil on canvas
Musée Magnin, Dijon

Gertrude Käsebier
Rose O'Neil
ca. 1900
platinum print
National Museum of American History,
Washington DC

Frederick Sandys
Proud Maisie
1902
drawing
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa

Paul Cézanne
Seated Woman in Blue
ca. 1902-1906
oil on canvas
Phillips Collection, Washington DC

John Singer Sargent
Marchesa Laura Spinola Núñez del Castillo
1903
oil on canvas
Reynolda House Museum of American Art,
Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Thomas Eakins
Mrs Anna Kershaw
ca. 1903
platinum print
Hirshhorn Museum, Washington DC

Rudolf Eickemeyer
Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney
1903
platinum print
National Museum of American History, Washington DC

Otto Gussmann
Portrait of Gertrud Herzog
1903-04
oil on panel
Galerie Neue Meister (Albertinum), Dresden

Joseph Decamp
The Listener (Woman at the Theatre)
ca. 1904
oil on canvas
Farnsworth Art Museum, Rockland, Maine

Pach Brothers Studio (New York)
Miss Alice Roosevelt
1904
gelatin silver print (postcard)
National Portrait Gallery, Washington DC

Edward Hopper
Portrait of Hettie Duryea Meade
ca. 1905
oil on canvas
Hirshhorn Museum, Washington DC

Carl Leopold Hollitzer
Portrait of cabaret artist Marya Delvard
ca. 1905
watercolor on paper
Graphische Sammlung Albertina, Vienna

Giovanni Boldini
Portrait of Ethel Mary Crocker de Limur
1906
oil on canvas
Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento, California

Childe Hassam
The Victorian Chair
1906
oil on panel
Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington DC

Henri Goovaerts
Portrait of Lily Goovaerts
ca. 1910
oil on canvas
Bonnefantenmuseum, Maastricht

PAUSE – A break in the line as metrically read or heard, which is almost always coincident with the end of a word, and which very frequently, but not always or so often as in the former case, coincides with a stop in punctuation.  It is not necessary that every line should have a pause; and the place of the pause, when it exists, is practically ad libitum in most, if not all lines, while there may be more pauses than one.  The attempt to curtail liberty in these three respects has been the cause of some of the worst mistakes about English prosody, especially when it takes the form of prescribing that the pause should always be as near the middle as possible.  Variety of pause is, in fact, next to variety of feet, the great secret of success in our verse; and it is owing to this that Shakespeare and Milton more especially stand so high.  On the other hand, this variety requires the most careful adjustment; and if such adjustment is neglected the lines will be uglier than continuously middle-paused ones, though not so monotonous. 

– George Saintsbury, from Historical Manual of English Prosody (1910)