Saturday, July 8, 2017

Engravers at Work (before 1600)

Johannes Stradanus
Engravers at work
ca. 1590
drawing
Royal Collection, Windsor

"Reproductive prints have recently been given renewed attention by art historians. Their neglect was not a matter of the prints being unknown, but rather of the discipline of art history being focused more on the "birth" of objects rather than their continued life.  This desire to understand how an object came into being is as old as art history itself, and correlates with the glorification of the artist as genius and the belief that works of art are primarily personal expressions.  We are still obsessed with trying to understand what the artist might have meant, how the work progressed, what choices were made by the patrons  in short, what actions and thoughts preceded the product we have in front of our eyes.  We value originality, and we value the artist's "touch"  both qualities conspicuously absent in the early printed reproductions, which not only copy someone else's invention, but also use techniques that efface any expressiveness of the original designer or the printmaker.  Had it been Michelangelo's intent to produce prints, or, even better, if he himself had actually left a mark on the plates, it would be a much different story.  As it is, all prints that reproduce other works were deemed "reproductive" and were omitted from many catalogues and modern museum collections for just that reason. These biases effectively eliminated the study of most sixteenth-century Italian prints, since so many were not original compositions but rather copies or derivations from other works."

 from Michelangelo in Print by Bernadine Barnes (Ashgate, 2010)

Giulio Bonasone
Portrait of Michelangelo in profile
ca. 1546
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Giulio Bonasone after Michelangelo
Judith with the Head of Holofernes
before 1574
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Giulio Bonasone after Michelangelo
Sibyl and Prophet - Sistine Ceiling
before 1574
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Nicolas Beatrizet after Michelangelo
Prophet Jeremiah - Sistine Ceiling
ca. 1535-65
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Nicolas Beatrizet after Michelangelo
Annunciation
ca. 1535-65
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Cornelis Cort after Michelangelo
Tomb of Lorenzo de' Medici with figures of Dusk and Dawn
1570
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Cornelis Cort after Michelangelo
Sculpture of Madonna and Child flanked by Saints Cosmas and Damian
1570
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Agostino dei Musi after Michelangelo
Woman approached by Death
ca. 1525-35
engraving
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Cherubino Alberti after Michelangelo
Ignudo - Sistine Ceiling
1580s
engraving
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Cherubino Alberti after Michelangelo
Ignudo with Garland - Sistine Ceiling
1580s
engraving
British Museum

Cherubino Alberti after Michelangelo
Ignudo - Sistine Ceiling
1573
engraving
British Museum

Cherubino Alberti after Michelangelo
Demons from the Last Judgment - Sistine Chapel
1590s
engraving
British Museum

Cherubino Alberti after Michelangelo
Figure from the Last Judgment - Sistine Chapel
1591
engraving
British Museum