Wednesday, January 26, 2022

French Painters Fulfilling Sacred Commissions - II

Hilaire Pader
The Flagellation
1667
oil on canvas
Musée des Augustins de Toulouse

Charles Le Brun
Descent from the Cross
ca. 1679-84
oil on canvas
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rennes

Noël Coypel
The Crucifixion
ca. 1680
oil on canvas
Musée Bossuet, Meaux

Pierre Mignard
Christ of the Passion
1690
oil on canvas
Musée des Augustins de Toulouse

Noël Coypel
Agony in the Garden
ca. 1705
oil on copper
private collection

Jean Restout the Younger
Seated Carthusian Reading
1711
oil on paper
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Jean Restout the Younger
Portrait of a Carthusian Monk
ca. 1715
oil on canvas
Minneapolis Institute of Arts

Ambroise Crozat
Baptism of Christ
1722
oil on canvas
Musée des Augustins de Toulouse

Jean-François de Troy
Adam and Eve
1730
oil on canvas
Speed Art Museum, Louisville, Kentucky

The sources of the two dissimilar figures of Adam and Eve are traceable and non-aligned.  Adam represents a fully worked-up version of the standardized academic exercise all 18th-century European artists executed countless times in the course of their training, drawing from a formally posed live nude male model.  Drawing from live nude female models was only rarely (and unofficially) undertaken, due to moral scruples and societal prohibitions.  The figure of Eve shows every sign of having been lifted whole from a painting by Rubens.  This prototype would have been executed about a century earlier, which helps to account for the disparities in proportion, reflecting alterations over time in the idealized canon.   

Anicet-Charles-Gabriel Lemonnier
The Exterminating Angel
ca. 1785
oil on canvas
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen

Philippe-Jacques de Loutherbourg
Destruction of Pharaoh's Army
1792
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Philippe-Jacques de Loutherbourg
Destruction of Pharaoh's Army (detail)
1792
oil on canvas
Art Institute of Chicago

Jean-Jacques Henner
Susanna and the Elders
1864
oil on canvas
Musée d'Orsay, Paris

Louis Jacquesson de la Chevreuse
Dead Martyr
ca. 1873
oil on canvas
Musée Calvet, Avignon

Odilon Redon
Eve
1904
oil on panel
Musée d'Orsay, Paris