Bertel Thorvaldsen Jason with the Golden Fleece 1803 marble Thorvaldsens Museum, Copenhagen |
François-Joseph Bosio Cupid with Bow 1808 marble Hermitage, Saint Petersburg |
Johann Gottfried Schadow Reclining Woman (after the Borghese Hermaphrodite in the Louvre) 1826 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |
Innocenzo Fraccaroli Wounded Achilles ca. 1833-35 marble Galleria d'Arte Moderna, Milan |
"Rejecting the notion that art imitates life, Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768) taught that qualities superior to nature are found in Greek art, specifically "ideal beauties, brain-born images." Such transcendent works, he explained, went beyond mere verisimilitude to capture "a more beauteous and more perfect nature." The concept of ideal forms descended from Platonic texts and had been the theme of commentators since the Renaissance, but Winckelmann's proselytizing won new adherents. "The most eminent characteristic of Greek works," he wrote, "is a noble simplicity and sedate grandeur in gesture and expression. As the bottom of the sea lies peaceful beneath a foaming surface, a great soul lies sedate beneath the strife of passions in Greek figures."
– from the essay on Neoclassicism by Cybele Gontar on the Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History at the Metropolitan Museum
Friedrich Drake Winemaker 1837 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |
Christian Daniel Rausch Victory bestowing a Wreath ca. 1838-45 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |
Stefano Ricci Funeral Urn with Mourning Women (from the Sepulchral Monument to Guido Mazzoni) before 1841 marble Chiesa di San Francesco, Prato |
Giovanni Duprè Angel supporting the Deceased (from the Sepulchral Monument to Countess Berta Moltke Ferrari-Corbelli) 1864 marble Basilica di San Lorenzo, Florence |
Adamo Tadolini Ganymede with Eagle before 1868 marble Hermitage, Saint Petersburg |
Giovanni Maria Benzoni Zephyr dancing with Flora 1870 marble Detroit Institute of Arts |
Eduard Müller Prometheus Bound, with Lamenting Oceanids ca. 1872-79 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |
Carl Cauer The Witch 1874 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |
Reinhold Begas Mercury and Psyche 1874-78 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |
Karl Begas the Younger Bacchus with Young Faun (after the Barberini Faun in the Munich Glyptothek) 1876 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |
Adolf von Hildebrand Standing Youth ca. 1881-84 marble Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin |