Friday, July 15, 2022

Antonio Balestra (1666-1740) - Reactionary Classicism

Antonio Balestra
Zephyr
before 1740
oil on canvas
Museo del Settecento Veneziano, Ca' Rezzonico, Venice

Antonio Balestra
Virgin and Child
adored by St Ignatius Loyola
and St Stanislaus Kostka

ca. 1731
oil on canvas
Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna

Antonio Balestra
The Raising of Lazarus
ca. 1733
oil on canvas
Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool

Antonio Balestra
The Death of Abel
before 1740
oil on canvas
David Owsley Museum of Art, Muncie, Indiana

Antonio Balestra
The Soul of Abel ascending to Heaven
before 1740
oil on canvas
Museo di Castelvecchio, Verona

Antonio Balestra
Saints Cosmas and Damian saved by an Angel
1718
oil on canvas
Basilica di Santa Giustina, Padua

Antonio Balestra
Martyrdom of Saints Cosmas and Damian
1718
oil on canvas
Basilica di Santa Giustina, Padua

Antonio Balestra
Dream of St Joseph
ca. 1700-1703
oil on canvas
Scuola Grande dei Carmini, Venice

Antonio Balestra
The Centaur Chiron receiving the Infant Achilles
ca. 1710-20
oil on canvas
Royal Collection, Great Britain

Antonio Balestra
Meeting of Telemachus and Calypso
ca. 1700
oil on canvas
Milwaukee Art Museum

Antonio Balestra
Theseus finding his Father's Sword
before 1740
oil on canvas
private collection

Antonio Balestra
The Prophet Isaiah
before 1740
oil on canvas
Museo di Castelvecchio, Verona

Antonio Balestra
Venus appearing to Aeneas and Achates
before 1740
oil on canvas
Pinacoteca Egidio Martini,
Ca' Rezzonico, Venice

Antonio Balestra
Justice and Peace Embracing
ca. 1700
oil on canvas
Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, Glasgow

Antonio Balestra
Virgin and Child with St Stanislaus Kostka,
St Luigi Gonzaga and St Francesco Borgia 

1704
oil on canvas
Chiesa dei Gesuiti, Venice

"As far as the history of painting is concerned, the seventeenth century was by and large a 'dark' century.  Roughly between 1660 and 1680 a change came about and a trend towards the lightening of the palette began, culminating in Tiepolo and the Rococo masters of the  Venetian school.  While Venice accomplished the transition to Rococo painting through a luminosity derived from a new scale of airy, transparent colours, through new patterns of undulating or zigzag compositions which are precariously 'anchored' along the lower edge of the picture, through elegant and elongated types of figures calling to mind the Mannerist figura serpentinata, through the gallant or voluptuous or arcadian or even flippant interpretation of their subjects – while all this happened in Venice during the 1720s and 30s, the leading Roman and Bolognese masters continued to practise their feeble Late Baroque far into the eighteenth century.  They believed themselves to be the legatees of the great Italian tradition and looked with scorn upon its perversion.  How deeply this was felt may be gathered from the anti-Rococo cry raised in 1733 by Antonio Balestra (1666-1740).  Himself trained by Maratti, but practising mainly in Venice, he wrote from a position of eminence: "All the present evil derives from the pernicious habit, generally accepted, of working from the imagination without having first learned how to draw after good models and compose in accordance with the good maxims.  No longer does one see young artists studying the antique; on the contrary, we have come to a point where such study is derided as useless and obnoxious."

– Art and Architecture in Italy, 1600-1750 by Rudolf Wittkower (1958), revised by Joseph Connors and Jennifer Montagu for Yale University Press (1999)