Saturday, November 5, 2022

Miniature Portraits in Enamel at the Louvre (18th Century)

attributed to Jean Mussard
Portrait of a Man
ca. 1710
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Christian Friedrich Zincke
Portrait of John Gay
ca. 1725
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Noah Seaman
Portrait of Georg Friedrich Handel
1741
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jean-André Rouquet
Portrait of the Duchesse de Villeroy
ca. 1750
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jean-André Rouquet
Portrait of the Marquis de Marigny
ca. 1750
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jean-André Rouquet
Portrait of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
(father of Marie Antoinette)
ca. 1750
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

attributed to Jean-André Rouquet
Portrait of Louis XV
ca. 1750
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Henry Spicer
Portrait of Esther, Countess of Sussex
ca. 1775
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jacques Mauris
Self Portrait
ca. 1775-85
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jean-Baptiste Weyler
Portrait of a Man
ca. 1780
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jean-Baptiste Weyler
Charles-Claude Flahaut de la Billarderie,
comte d'Angiviller

ca. 1780
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jean-Baptiste Weyler after Simon-Bernard Lenoir
Portrait of the actor Lekain
as Orosmane in Voltaire's Zaïre

1782
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jacques Thouron after Henri-Pierre Danloux
Portrait of the Mégret de Sérilly family
1787
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Jacques Thouron
Portrait of a Young Man
before 1789
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

Henri L'Evêque
Presumed Portrait of Monsieur Ponçon
ca. 1799
enamel miniature
Musée du Louvre

"Unlike fragile portrait miniatures painted in watercolor on vellum or ivory, which are prone to cracking, fading, and flaking, enamels are resilient, impervious to the effects of light, and retain their striking original colors over time.  Partly for this reason enamel was considered ideal for reproducing famous paintings and treasured portraits in a reduced and luminous form.  The complicated and labor-intensive process of enameling required the artist to fire numerous layers of colored metal oxide at different temperatures.  The process made it difficult to produce a faithful portrait likeness, though masters of the medium like Jacques Thouron were able to create portraits of remarkable subtlety imbued with the sitter's personality.  The back of an enamel is also glazed in the process, creating the "counter enamel" – a surface where enamelists often signed and dated their work and sometimes identified the sitter."

– from curator's notes at the Cleveland Museum of Art