Monday, July 22, 2019

The God Pan - II

attributed to Sostratus
Maenad restraining Pan from butting a Goat restrained by a Satyr
ca. 25 BC
sardonyx cameo
Getty Museum, Los Angeles

Giovanni Bernardi
Pan and Syrinx
before 1553
bronze medallion
National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

Agostino Veneziano
Nymph before a Herm of Pan
ca. 1510-27
engraving
British Museum

Nicoletto da Modena
Pan with Pipe, Child and Goat
ca. 1500-1510
engraving
British Museum

Giulio Bonasone
Pan discovering Pitys changed by Boreas into a Pine Tree
1555
engraving
British Museum

"Pitys listened to the music of Pan, and followed him even as the children followed the Pied Piper of later story.  And ever his playing lured her further on and into more dangerous and desolate places, until at length she stood on the edge of a high cliff whose pitiless front rushed sheer down to cruel rocks far below.  There Pan's music ceased, and Pitys knew all the joy and the sorrow of the world as the god held out his arms to embrace her.  But neither Pan nor Pitys had remembrance of Boreas, the merciless north wind, whose love the nymph had flouted.  Ere Pan could touch her, a blast, fierce and strong as death, had seized the nymph's fragile body, and as a wind of March tears from the tree the first white blossom that has dared to brave the ruthless gales, and casts it, torn and dying, to the earth, so did Boreas grip the slender Pitys and dash her life out on the rocks far down below.  From her body sprang the pine tree, slender, erect, clinging for dear life to the sides of precipices – and by the prickly wreath he always wore, Pan showed that he held her in fond remembrance."

– Jean Lang, from A Book of Myths (London: T.C. and E.C. Jack, 1913)

Anonymous Photographer
Statue of Pan in the National Museum, Athens
ca. 1895-1905
collotype
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Jean Mignon
Pan
(from a series of twenty terminals)
ca. 1543-45
etching
National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

Roman Imperial copy after Hellenistic original
Pan and Apollo or Pan and Daphnis
(Farnese version)
1st-2nd century AD, heavily restored in the 16th century
marble
Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples

Eight versions of this marble figure-group – most often called Pan and Apollo  were known in late Renaissance Rome.  Other popular titles were Pan and Daphnis ; Marsyas and Olympos ; Satyr and Boy ; Satyr and Faun ; Silenus and Bacchus.  Current belief maintains that the smaller figure holding pipes should not be identified as Apollo but as the shepherd Daphnis.  The version from the Farnese collection (above) was transferred from Rome to the National Museum in Naples at the end of the 19th century, along with many Farnese sculptures.

after Battista Franco
Pan and Apollo or Pan and Daphnis
(Farnese version)
ca. 1540-80
engraving
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Anonymous Printmaker
Pan and Apollo or Pan and Daphnis
(Farnese version)
1584
engraving
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

In the same way and in the same period the Cesi/Ludovisi version of Pan and Apollo (below) was carried along when that collection also was surrendered to the state and transferred to the national museum in Rome.

Roman Imperial copy after Hellenistic original
Pan and Apollo or Pan and Daphnis
(Cesi/Ludovisi version)
1st-2nd century AD, heavily restored in the 16th century
marble
Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Altemps, Rome

Anonymous Printmaker
Pan and Apollo or Pan and Daphnis
(Cesi/Ludovisi version)
1584
engraving
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Domenico de Rossi
Pan and Apollo or Pan and Daphnis
(Cesi/Ludovisi version)
ca. 1704
engraving
Philadelphia Museum of Art

Anonymous Italian Artist
Pan and Apollo or Pan and Daphnis
16th century
drawing
British Museum