Monday, May 23, 2022

Federico Barocci (1535-1612) - "a temper close to febrility"

Federico Barocci
St Francis
ca. 1600-1604
oil on canvas
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Federico Barocci
St Francis receiving the Stigmata
ca. 1594-95
oil on canvas
Galleria Nazionale delle Marche, Urbino

Federico Barocci
Aeneas and his Family fleeing Troy
1598
oil on canvas
(Barocci's second version of this composition)
Galleria Borghese, Rome

Federico Barocci
Aeneas and his Family fleeing Troy
ca. 1586-89
drawing
(squared cartoon)
Musée du Louvre

Federico Barocci
Study for Aeneas and his Family fleeing Troy
ca. 1586-89
drawing
Kupferstichkabinett, Berlin

Federico Barocci
Aeneas and his Family fleeing Troy
ca. 1595-98
drawing
Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio

Federico Barocci
Aeneas and his Family fleeing Troy
before 1595
drawing
Royal Collection, Windsor

Agostino Carracci after Federico Barocci
Aeneas and his Family fleeing Troy
1595
engraving
(copied after the first version of the painted composition)
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Federico Barocci
Madonna del Popolo
1579
oil on panel
(altarpiece)
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

"The famous Madonna del Popolo, painted for the Misericordia of Arezzo, is the completer demonstration of a maturity that has moved beyond dependence on Correggio.  From a theme that combines the Virgin's roles of Madonna della Misericordia and Madonna Mediatrix, Barocci has evolved a design which links these functions, one earth-directed and the other heavenly, and which pulls the spectator into the union, too.  Emerging from a rearward space (which depicts the actual piazza in front of the church of the confraternity at Arezzo), the impulse of design moves forward, round, and upward like a helix through the supplicants, gathering the spectator as it sweeps by, and breaking on the blessing gesture of the heavenly Christ – a gesture meant for the spectator as much as for the population in the picture.  Each element in the picture, not just the composition, works towards an effective unity which shall be not only internal but include the spectator.  It is by extension from Correggio's precedent that a chief means to this end is the infusion of the work of art by movement, in Barocci more pervasive than Correggio's, and of a more high-pitched, small-scale vibrance.  It affects the painterly activity of surface and gives extraordinary life, as well as natural conviction, to optical effects; colour becomes brilliantly but also subtly diverse.  Action is gesticulative and impelled but also ornamentally refined, and the linear rhythms that describe it are articulated in a temper close to febrility.  The image vibrates in its every part and into the surrounding ambience: it makes an aura to engage the spectator, and then to convince him Barocci employs a measure of descriptive naturalism that is generically like Correggio's and evidently dependent on him.  However, Barocci's scale of description is smaller than Correggio's, and his detail thus more intimate."   

– S.J. Freedberg, Painting in Italy 1500-1600 in the Pelican History of Art series (1970)

Federico Barocci
Madonna del Popolo (detail)
1579
oil on panel
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Federico Barocci
Madonna del Popolo (detail)
1579
oil on panel
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Federico Barocci
Madonna del Popolo (detail)
1579
oil on panel
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Federico Barocci
Madonna del Popolo (detail)
1579
oil on panel
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Federico Barocci
Madonna del Popolo (detail)
1579
oil on panel
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Federico Barocci
Madonna del Popolo (detail)
1579
oil on panel
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence