Wednesday, March 24, 2021

Guercino in Cento - 1617

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
St Sebastian succoured by Two Angels
1617
oil on copper
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge

 Giovanni Battista Pasqualini after Guercino
St Sebastian succoured by Two Angels
1623
engraving
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Turner illustrates three autograph versions of the St Sebastian succoured by Two Angels, declaring that the Fitzwilliam painting on copper (above) is undoubtedly the final and best of them.  The other two versions (one on canvas and one on copper) are in private hands.  Surviving also are at least two early copies.  The composition was evidently popular, several of Guercino's followers and assistants having painted imitative variants.  Two of these are below.

follower of Guercino
St Sebastian
after 1617
oil on canvas
Galleria Nazionale delle Marche, Urbino

follower of Guercino
St Sebastian (detail)
after 1617
oil on canvas
Galleria Nazionale delle Marche, Urbino

Matteo Loves (Guercino workshop)
St Sebastian
after 1625
oil on canvas
Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut

Giovanni Folo after Matteo Loves
St Sebastian
ca. 1790
engraving
British Museum

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Lot and his Daughters
1617
oil on canvas
Monasterio El Escorial

"Stylistically this seems to be the first of four canvases painted for Cardinal Alessandro Ludovisi, Archbishop of Bologna, during the years 1617-18.  Although it is not listed by Malvasia's Felsina pittrice, it was mentioned in his manuscript notes.  According to [Denis] Mahon, three of the four works (this one, as well as the Return of the Prodigal Son and the Susanna and the Elders [both below], were painted in 1617, when, as is known from a letter from Ludovico Carracci to Ferrante Carlo, he [Guercino] was working for the Cardinal.  . . .  Both the Lot and the Susanna appear in the Ludovisi inventory of 1623, and reoccur in the inventory of a decade later.  They were bequeathed by Niccolò Ludovisi to Philip IV of Spain; the present picture has been at the Escorial since 1681." 

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Lot and his Daughters
1617
drawing (compositional study)
private collection

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Lot and his Daughters
1617
drawing (compositional study)
Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Lot and his Daughters
1617
drawing (compositional study)
Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Lot and his Daughters
1617
drawing (compositional study)
Hermitage, Saint Petersburg

Nicolas Mignard after Guercino
Lot and his Daughters
ca. 1650
etching
Philadelphia Museum of Art

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Return of the Prodigal Son
ca. 1617
oil on canvas
Galleria Sabauda, Turin

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Return of the Prodigal Son
ca. 1617
drawing (compositional study)
British Museum

Guercino (Giovanni Francesco Barbieri)
Susanna and the Elders
ca. 1617
oil on canvas
Museo del Prado, Madrid

"Unlike the Lot and his Daughters, this work, also bequeathed by Niccolò Ludovisi to Philip IV of Spain, did not remain in the Escorial but was transferred to Madrid at the beginning of the 19th century, first to the Palacio Real (1814), then to the Prado (1843).   . . .  Malvasia claimed, no doubt apocryphally, that the model for the nude figure of Susanna was a beautiful woman in the archiepiscopal prisons, but Guercino is more likely to have been inspired by the model of a classical statue of Aphrodite, as suggested by José Riello."

– quoted texts from The Paintings of Guercino: a revised and expanded catalogue raisonné by Nicholas Turner (Rome: Ugo Bozzi Editore, 2017)