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| Jean-Baptiste Regnault Portrait of Empress Joséphine of France ca. 1805-1810 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Louis-Léopold Boilly Portrait of Madame Saint-Ange Chevrier in a landscape 1807 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
"Fashions and hairstyles inspired by classical antiquity first appeared in France on the eve of the Revolution. "Greek" or "Etruscan" motifs replaced the undulating ribbons, flowers, and feathers of the ancien régime . . . Thin white muslin sheaths with high waistlines and low necklines imitated the clinging drapery of classical statues and bared the upper arms for the first time in centuries. The duchesse d'Abrantès complained, "No way to cheat nature any more. These days a plain woman tends to look even plainer, and a woman with a bad figure is lost. It is only the slender ones with a mass of hair and a small bosom who triumph." Joséphine was among the lucky few."
"Imaginative accessories completed the Hellenic tableau. High-heeled shoes were replaced by flat cothurnes – lightweight sandals that laced up the leg, calling attention to bare flesh or flesh-colored stockings. Cropped, curled hair and wigs (called à la Titus after the Roman emperor) first appeared in 1798; women also copied the hairstyles of antique statues and medals. Cashmere shawls mimicked the drapery of antique statues and provided much-needed warmth . . ."
– Kimberly Chrisman-Campbell, from the chapter on fashion and dress in Joséphine and the Arts of Empire, edited by Eleanor P. DeLorme (Getty Museum, 2005)
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| Simon-Jacques Rochard Portrait miniature of Frederick William Robert Stewart 4th Marquess of Londonderry 1833 watercolor on ivory Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Gustave Courbet The Cellist (Self-portrait) 1847 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Gustave Courbet Portrait of art collector Jules Bordet 1870 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Édouard Manet Boy peeling a pear (Léon Leenhoff) ca. 1863 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
"In the art of Édouard Manet there is one male figure that appears more times than any other. He is Léon-Édouard Koella Leenhoff, the son of Manet's Dutch wife, Suzanne. He features in 17 works altogether. . . . It is thought that Suzanne Leenhoff first got to know the Manets, a rich, upper-middle-class Parisian family, when she was hired in 1849 to give piano lessons to the 17-year-old Édouard and his 16-year-old brother Eugène. Why Suzanne, herself only 19 at the time, had come alone to Paris from the prosperous Dutch town of Zaitbommel is not known. In 1852, by which time Manet was studying to be an artist, Suzanne gave birth to a son, Léon-Édouard. She cited the father's name as Koella on Léon's birth certificate and Manet was made godfather at his baptism. Suzanne set up home, a short walk from the Manets' flat, with her grandmother, and later, her two younger brothers. Léon she introduced to the world as her youngest brother and insisted this was the case throughout her subsequent marriage to Manet, which took place when Léon was 11 in 1863. Only shortly before her death in 1906, did she legally acknowledge him as her son to ensure he could inherit."
– Serena Davies, from her review in the London Telegraph of Manet: Portraying Life, an exhibition mounted at the Royal Academy in 2013
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| Édouard Manet Portrait of a Parisian lady before 1883 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Alexandre Cabanal Portrait of opera singer Christina Nilsson as Ophelia 1873 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Auguste Renoir Conversation (model Marguerite Legrand and artist Frédéric Samuel Cordey) ca. 1875-80 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Paul Cézanne Portrait of Mme Cézanne 1877 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Alexandre Falguière The Servant ca. 1880-90 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Charles Bargue Head of young man (study of a soldier from Albania) before 1883 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Jules Bastien-Lepage Study for portrait of Sarah Bernhardt before 1884 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |
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| Edgar Degas Portrait of art critic Émile Durand-Gréville ca. 1885 oil on canvas Nationalmuseum, Stockholm |