Sunday, May 12, 2019

Rudolf Wittkower on Venetian Art (Triumphant Settecento)

Sebastiano Ricci
Hercules and the Centaur
1706-07
fresco
Palazzo Fenzi, Florence

Sebastiano Ricci
Punishment of Amor by Anteros
1706-07
oil on canvas
Palazzo Fenzi, Florence

Marco Ricci
Rehearsal of an Opera
ca. 1709
oil on canvas
Yale Center for British Art

"Politically and economically Venice had long been on the decline.  After her sea and mercantile power had dwindled, she became in the eighteenth century the meeting-place of European pleasure-hunters, and, indeed, there was no city in Europe which equalled her in picturesque beauty, stately grandeur, luxury, and vice.  To be sure, the foreigners brought wealth to Venice, equal or perhaps greater wealth than the industry of her inhabitants had acquired by commerce in previous centuries.  It is also true that with the shift of patronage from the Venetian nobility to the rich foreigners – English, Spanish, French, German, and Russian – Venetian art became international in a new sense; for (to give only a few instances) with Sebastiano and Marco Ricci, Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini, Jacopo Amigoni, and Canaletto in London, with Tiepolo in Würzburg and Madrid, with Rosalba Carriera in Paris and Vienna, with Bernardo Bellotto at the courts of Dresden and Warsaw, with lesser masters like Bartolomeo Nazari at the court of the Emperor Charles VII, and Francesco Fontebasso and J.B. Lampi at that of St Petersburg, the Venetians appeared as their own ambassadors.  But how it happened that on the social quicksand of Venice there arose the most dynamic school of painters will for ever remain a mystery.  We know now that the rise was not so sudden as it seemed not so many years ago.  But in spite of the revival of the great native tradition in the second half of the seventeenth century, it was only at the beginning of the next that Venice far outdistanced Rome, Naples, Bologna, and Genoa: her European triumph dates from the second decade of the eighteenth century."

– Rudolf Wittkower, Art and Architecture in Italy 1600-1750, originally published in 1958, revised by Joseph Connors and Jennifer Montagu and reissued by Yale University Press in 1999

Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini
Alexander contemplating the corpse of Darius
1708
oil on canvas
Museum Kunstpalast, Düsseldorf

Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini
Venus weeping over the body of Adonis
ca. 1704
fresco
Villa Alessandri, Mira

Jacopo Amigoni
Mercury about to slay Argus
ca. 1730-32
oil on canvas
Tate Gallery, London

Canaletto
Venice - Grand Canal with Santa Maria della Salute, looking towards the Riva degli Schiavone
ca. 1729-30
oil on canvas
Royal Collection, Great Britain

Giambattista Tiepolo
Fall of Phaethon
1719
fresco
Villa Baglioni, Massanzago

Rosalba Carriera
Young Lady with a Parrot
ca. 1730
pastel
Art Institute of Chicago

Bernardo Bellotto
Capriccio with Bridge and Tower
ca. 1745
oil on canvas
Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid

Bartolomeo Nazari
Portrait of opera singer Faustina Bordone
ca. 1730
oil on canvas
Handel House Museum, London

Bartolomeo Nazari
Portrait of opera singer Farinelli (Carlo Broschi)
1734
oil on canvas
Royal College of Music Museum, London

Francesco Fontebasso
Sacrifice of Gideon
1736
oil on canvas
Museo Diocesano Tridentino, Trento

Francesco Fontebasso
Flight into Egypt
1759
oil on canvas
Museo Diocesano Tridentino, Trento

Johann Baptist Lampi
Portrait of Empress Catherine II of Russia
ca. 1780-90
oil on canvas
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna