Friday, October 31, 2025

Horizon-Lines

Ferdinand Hart Nibbrig
Farmhouse near Laren
ca. 1912
oil on canvas
Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Netherlands

Claude Monet
Valley of the Creuse under Clouds
1889
oil on canvas
Von der Heydt Museum, Wuppertal

Hubert Robert
The Column
1789
oil on canvas
Saint Louis Art Museum

Ferdinand Hodler
Empfindung
ca. 1903-1904
tempera on paper, mounted on canvas
Von der Heydt Museum, Wuppertal

César de Cock
Landscape
1872
oil on canvas
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Reims

Gustav Klimt
On Lake Attersee
1900
oil on canvas
Leopold Museum, Vienna

Patrick Nilsson
The Big Darkness
2007
drawing
Göteborgs Konstmuseum, Sweden

Johann Wilhelm Schirmer
Breaking Waves with Distant Ships
1836
oil on canvas
Staatliche Kunsthalle, Karlsruhe

Johan Christian Dahl
Cloud Study
1829
oil on paper
KODE (Art Museums Complex), Bergen, Norway

Mikhail Matyushin
Dunes
ca. 1910
oil on canvas, mounted on panel
Museum Ludwig, Cologne

Anton Melby
By the Øresund
1852
oil on canvas
Hirschsprung Collection, Copenhagen

Edgar Degas
Landscape with Rocks
1892
pastel over monotype
High Museum of Art, Atlanta

Wilhelm August Leopold Christian Krause
Pomeranian Coast
1828
oil on panel
Alte Nationalgalerie, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

Frederick A. Greenleaf
Rapids of the Missouri River
ca. 1877-85
cyanotype
Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas

William Christenberry
Palmist Building (Winter), Havana Junction, Alabama
1981
C-print
Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas

Arthur Segal
The Speaker
1912
oil on canvas
Kunsthalle Emden

Chorus:

No mortal can complete his life
unharmed and unpunished throughout –
ah, ah!
Some troubles are here now, some will come later.

Orestes:  Now, so that you may know – for I have no idea how this will end: I am already, as a horse-driver might say, charioteering somewhat off the track; my mind is almost out of control and carrying me along half-overpowered, and Terror is near my heart, ready to sing and to dance to Wrath's tune –  but while I still have my wits, I make proclamation that I killed my mother, the polluted murderer of my father, hated by the gods.  And as my prime inducement to dare this deed I name Loxias, the prophet god of Pytho, whose oracle told me that if I did it I would be free from guilt and blame, but if I failed to – I shall not speak of the punishment: no archer could reach that height of suffering.*  And now see me, how, accoutred with this wreathed olive-branch, I will go as a suppliant to Loxias' domain, his abode at the central navel of earth, and to the light of the fire that is called immortal, and fleeing this kindred bloodshed: to no other hearth than that did Loxias bid me direct myself.  I call on all Argives to preserve in memory for me, as time goes by, how these evils were brought to pass, and to bear witness for me if Menelaus comes home.  Now I go into exile, a wanderer banished from this land, leaving behind me, in life and in death, this reputation – that in revenge for my father I killed my mother. 

– Aeschylus, from The Libation-Bearers (458 BC), translated by Alan H. Sommerstein (2008)

*This metaphor is chosen because an arrow shot from a bow could fly higher in the air than anything else man had invented in Aeschylus' time.