Monday, April 22, 2019

Cesare Nebbia (1536-1614) - Orvieto, Rome, Lombardy

Cesare Nebbia
Apparition of St Michael Archangel on Mount Gargano
(central panel)
ca. 1592
ceiling fresco
Musei Vaticani, Rome

Cesare Nebbia
Angels with Emblems of the Passion
1587-88
ceiling fresco
Scala Sancta, Rome

Cesare Nebbia
Deposition
1582
oil on canvas
Chiesa della Santissima Trinità, Viterbo

"Cesare Nebbia was the favorite student and closest collaborator of Girolamo Muziano, from whom he learned a faculty for inventiveness, a refined sense of color, and a love for depicting landscape.  In the 1560s Nebbia was engaged in all the big painting projects led by Muziano, from the Cathedrals in Orvieto and Loreto to the works of Gregory XIII at the Vatican.  During the pontificate of Sixtus V (1585-90) Nebbia was the main figure in all the paintings commissioned by the Pope, coordinating and managing (together with the Modenese Giovanni Guerra) the decoration of all the new Papal works.  After participating in the decoration of San Giovanni in Laterano (for the Holy Year 1600) Nebbia moved to Lombardy to the Borromean College of Pavia where Federico Borromeo commissioned the frescoes of The Life of San Carlo.  In his last years the artist returned to his native Orvieto, where he executed the altarpiece for the Duomo in a by now old-fashioned and repetitive style."

"Compared with the second and third quarters of the sixteenth century, its last decades saw an immense extension of artistic activity.  The change came about during the brief pontificate of Sixtus V (1585-90).  It is well known that he transformed Rome more radically than any single pope before him.  . . .  To be sure, this was a new spirit; it was the spirit of the Catholic Restoration.  But the artists at his disposal were often less than mediocre, and few of the works produced in those years can lay claim to distinction.  After the Sack of  Rome a proper Roman school had ceased to exist, and most of the artist working for Sixtus were either foreigners or took their cue from developments outside Rome.  In spite of all these handicaps something like a 'style Sixtus V' developed, remaining in vogue throughout the pontificate of Clement VIII and even to a certain extent during that of Paul V.  This style may be characterized as an academic ultima maniera, a manner which is not anti-Mannerist and revolutionary in the sense of the new art of Caravaggio and the Carracci, but tends toward dissolving Mannerist complexities without abandoning Mannerist formalism.  It is often blunt and pedestrian, on occasions even gaudy and vulgar, though not infrequently relieved by a note of refined classicism."

– Rudolf Wittkower, Art and Architecture in Italy 1600-1750, originally published in 1958, revised by Joseph Connors and Jennifer Montagu and reissued by Yale University Press in 1999

Cesare Nebbia
Young Man grasping a Column
ca. 1575
drawing
Princeton University Art Museum

Cesare Nebbia
St Jerome in Spandrel with Two Putti
(study for fresco)
ca. 1587
drawing
Morgan Library, New York

Cesare Nebbia
Seated Sibyl
ca. 1579-82
drawing
Harvard Art Museums

Cesare Nebbia
Seated Figure of Liberality
before 1614
drawing
Princeton University Art Museum

attributed to Cesare Nebbia
The Emperor Charlemagne
(study for fresco)
ca. 1572-82
drawing
National Gallery of Canada

Cesare Nebbia
St John the Baptist and a Bishop Saint standing in Niches
before 1614
drawing
Harvard Art Museums

Cesare Nebbia
Back view of Striding Man in Long Cloak
before 1614
drawing
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Cesare Nebbia
Martyrdom of Two Saints
before 1614
drawing
Art Institute of Chicago

Cesare Nebbia
Martyrdom of St Stephen
ca. 1575-1600
drawing
Museo del Prado, Madrid

Cesare Nebbia
Assumption of the Virgin
before 1614
drawing
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Cesare Nebbia
Assumption of the Virgin
before 1614
drawing
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam